Why Big Biz Backs Trump, and why Sustainability is feared by them all

Robert Reich explains it in a clip under three minutes long---

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0LEnI9THvLA

One might guess it's about tax cuts and tax avoidance.  Yes, but it's also about blocking the path to Sustainability.  Many years ago, the Titans of Mega Biz realized they had to start talking-the-talk in regard to renewable energy, but walking-the-walk largely could be avoided IF they spent big bucks on politicians friendly to the economic status quo.  A bit later, they recognized that Sustainability involved a lot more than just transitioning to renewables.  It also meant reducing our energy use, being accountable for pollution, treating workers and consumers fairly, eliminating corporate welfare, increasing the social safety net, and more.

In the view of Mega Biz, the economic status quo was being threatened as never before.  So, both individually and collectively, the Titans decided to essentially buy more and more political influence.  They selected, groomed, and financed the majority of national political candidates.  Their degree of success in getting candidates friendly to their view varied, but almost always was at least somewhat on the mark...even with Democrats.

So, what was (and still is for the most part) the "economic status quo" back then?  Here it is in a nutshell:

1)  neoliberal capitalism (which is NOT Adam Smith capitalism); 

2)  deregulation, corporate globalization, & corporate welfare;

3)  bailouts for mega biz;

4)  banks too big to fail, or jail;

5)  reduced benefits for employees;

6)  reduced services to customers;

7)  job insecurity;

8)  treating pollutants as "externalities" (and not the responsibility of Big Biz);

9)  austerity for Main Street; and

10)  anything else which benefits Mega Biz at the expense of Main Street.

The status quo is pretty much the exact opposite of a sustainable economy and lifestyle.

The influence of the Titans has been massive, and has reached all the way to the Supreme Court of the USA.  The majority on that Court now are anti-healthcare, anti-EHS (environmental, health, & safety), anti-democracy, and anti-sustainability.  Whether that majority knows it or not, they are supporting Fascism - the marriage of the power of the State to the power of Mega Biz.

All the above is precisely why Big Biz backs the candidate who is the biggest embarrassment and danger in the history of the USA.

.................

Not only my opinion.  Be Well

With a striking cover, the eBook version has been launched

The eBook format of my second book (which is about Sustainability for humans and Earth) is now on Amazon.  Here's the link---

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0CVZZW9GC/ref=monarch_sidesheet  [Scroll down to see the striking cover.]  If you don't have a Kindle gizmo, it can be read with Amazon's free App.  Please at least read the book's Description at the link (previously posted on this blog).  If not interested in the major topics, perhaps you might know of someone who would be.  Thanks. 

In about three days or so, the eBook should be on about ten or so other book venues, such as Apple Books, Smashwords, Barnes & Noble, Baker & Taylor, bibliotheca, and tolino.

Top-notch research scientists explain our predicament and what's required to transition to and thrive in a sustainable environment.  [So far, the Establishment's efforts in that arena are inadequate.  Too many linear, short-term thinkers.]  I'm just the messenger.

We have crucial choices to make, and they must be made ASAP.  The Future is Now.  Be informed, and please choose objectively and wisely.  Someday our children and grandchildren will thank you.

Everyone Be Well

Attention: Main Street, City & County Comprehensive Planners, and Anyone Truly Interested in Sustainability

Here's why 2-4% annual Growth (which, by the way, is exponential) is harmful, and a framework for the sustainable alternative---

https://steadystate.org/envisioning-a-steady-state-comprehensive-plan/

It's somewhat of a long read, but worth it.  If nothing else, study the informative graphics and you'll get much of the central theme.

....................................

Not only my opinion.  Be Well

More on: "Choices & Change on the Path to a Sustainable Existence..."

 https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0CSSVWB3N?ref_=pe_93986420_774957520

If you would like a free pdf copy, email me with the title, "Choices & Change".

Below is a list of major topics in the book---

• why we're blind to the Big Picture regarding the "carbon pulse" (fossil energy), and what it will take to transition away from it;
• why the pursuit of infinite economic growth must be abandoned ASAP;
• our blindness regarding mineral requirements for a Green economy;
• while "Going Green" is necessary, unfortunately the present approach by the Powers-That-Be is insufficient;
• why we are not superior to and separate from Nature;
• why our society must convert from high-energy use to low-energy use;
• the complex feedback loop involving constant economic growth, which requires more energy, which then creates more complexity in society, which then requires more energy, which then creates even more complexity, etc. is ruining our habitat;
• ecological overshoot is THE problem, but Powers-That-Be mostly are trying to address only the symptoms of that;
• why there's a soil crisis, and the best choices for resolving it;
• ditto for the fresh water crisis;
• ditto for the food crisis;
• why healthy ecosystems and biodiversity are the bedrock of our existence;
• how factory farming is ruining agriculture, and the best choice forward;
• what many people don't seem to understand about science;
• what is "sustainability", and numerous examples of it;
• the shift in our ethics which is necessary for humans to survive and thrive;
• the propaganda coming from the Corporatocracy;
• why the petrochemical industry must be reined-in;
• why "The Market" can't solve the ill effects of Climate Change; and
• what's needed for a bright future for us and our descendants.

.............................

Not only my opinion.  Be Well

"Choices & Change on the Path to a Sustainable Existence..."

 My second book is now available at the link below.  Please read the Description, in which I discuss who probably would enjoy the read and who would not.    

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0CSSVWB3N?ref_=pe_93986420_774957520

If interested at all in sustainability, you may also want to read a sample of the Introduction.  Click on "Read Sample" in the upper left quadrant of the page.  From time to time, I'll post other excerpts on this venue.  A hardback version will out soon.  I doubt that an eBook will be because (as I learned with the first book) getting it up and out is somewhat of a nightmare for a High Tech Dummy like me - even if I hire someone to do the eBook formatting.  😵

In any case, Thanks to All for your consideration, and 

Happy Trails,

Scott

Recession, Politics, and Avoidable Dystopia

 Below is an email I sent recently.  The things described apply mostly to the USA.  Many other Lands are on a better track.

..................

Our Gov't has defined "Recession" for decades, & by its own definition, we're in one.  Nevertheless, Biden & several other national politicians deny it.    This is so typical of national politicians.  They can't face the consequences of a Boom-Bust, unsustainable, highly polluting economic system, aka, neoliberal capitalism...or simply, neoliberalism.  So they deny the facts.

The Repubs are blaming the current Administration, but Repubs are as much (or more) to blame as the Dems.  They all spend beyond the means of the Gov't.  They all (with very few exceptions) adhere to a system which shoots for infinite "growth" in a finite habitat.  They all push for overconsumption and ecological overshoot.  Some truly ignorant guy has a book out in which he claims the USA should aim for a population of one billion...because we have lots of empty space in our land.  

Oh lawdy momma!  A lack of common sense abounds.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HB97iwcm_Qc&list=WL&index=78  [If you absolutely are intolerant of "bad" language, then perhaps you shouldn't watch this very funny & tragic clip by Bill Maher.]

It has been estimated that if all countries consumed energy & goods at the current rate the USA does so, five planet Earths would be required to sustain world population.  And yet, it seems most Americans believe such overconsumption is "normal", "good", & beneficial for us.  Good grief!  This is why I keep saying a paradigm shift in our worldview is necessary.  Without it, our future will be dystopian...& that already has started.  Those who deny it are either uninformed, or burying their heads in the sand...just like the politicians in the 1st paragraph above.  Wake up, folks:  the Crisis isn't looming anymore; it's here now.  We have about ten years or so to change course...perhaps less.  Let's opt for sustainability.  Other than "Greenwashing", politicians won't do it unless we demand it.

Everyone Take Care

https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/the-beginning-of-the-path-to-human-extinction-and-how-to-get-off-it-scott-haley/1141364431?ean=2940160947181

http://individualsovereignty.blogspot.com/ 

https://www.amazon.com/dp/B09Z4QL6NB

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Not only my opinion.

Stock Market 101, the Steady State Economy, & the Trophic Theory of Money

 The U.S. Stock Market appears to be on the cusp of a serious decline, perhaps even an outright Crash.  Here's an ecological economics view of the situation---

https://steadystate.org/sell-your-stocks-and-enjoy-the-slide/

Brian Czech is a long-time ecologist in the realms of both wildlife and humans.  He's the Executive Director of the Center for the Advancement of the Steady State Economy.

Here's everything you need to know about the trophic theory of money---

https://royalsoc.org.au/images/pdf/journal/152-1-Czech.pdf

This journal article will make it clear to you why ecological economics is the most reasonable option for attaining a sustainable society, one which is fair, just, and environmentally friendly.  It's a brilliant piece.

.................

Not only my opinion.  Be Well

With several exceptions, there's not much to celebrate on Earth Day 2022

I remember well Earth Day 1970.  That year I was teaching Earth Science in Klamath Falls, Oregon.  People all around the USA (& probably elsewhere) were joining the Environmental Movement.  The EPA was created.  As well as a number of other environmental laws, the Clean Air Act was passed.  In many regards, it was a time of optimism.  It seemed to be a paradigm shift for the better.

Except for a small number of countries/areas around the world (the USA is NOT in the exceptions), fifty-two years later we have the following:

1)  in general, GDPs continue to expand, and that correlates directly to increasing ecological damage;

2)  men like Putin apparently possess almost zero knowledge of ecological principles (never mind ethics);

3)  like most other countries, the USA has no Fed Dept of Sustainability;

4)  Biden is re-opening drilling for fossil fuels on public land;

5)  cleanup on the most toxic sites in the USA (Superfund sites) practically is at a standstill;

6)  the petrochemical industry is pumping out more single-use plastic items than ever before;

7)  the climate situation continues to deteriorate;

8)  instead of being proactive and thus addressing the ecological causes of pandemics, governments continue to be reactive when fighting disease;

9)  the Powers-That-Be are not adequately addressing biodiversity loss and numerous other eco-problems, most likely because they don't understand such problems are an existential threat to humans; and

10)  there still is no permanent solution to the problem of millions & millions of gallons (or in many cases, pounds of solid material) of nuclear waste, which now is being temporarily stored in every State in the USA.  [Some of it is escaping into the soil, the water, and the atmosphere.  Such waste will remain radioactive for thousands of years.]

Given the above, one wonders if perhaps we should change the scientific name of humans (Homo sapiens) to Homo moronicus.  😕

To all the exceptions I mentioned, keep going with your good work.  It must be discouraging at times, but you can prevail.  Sustainability still has a chance.  KUDOS, and thank you for your efforts.

.........................................

Not only my opinion.  Be Well

https://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/the-beginning-of-the-path-to-human-extinction-and-how-to-get-off-it-scott-haley/1141364431?ean=2940160947181

Sustainability: Start at the Village/Town/City/COUNTY Level

https://steadystate.org/resisting-the-temptation-of-growth-at-the-county-level/  

and -

https://transitionnetwork.org/

Homo sapiens has been working on sustainability for planet Earth for at least thirty years or so.  Despite some progress (especially in Europe), we aren't close enough to where we should be.  National politicians all around the world seem to get side-tracked by neoliberal influences, which also inundate Main Street with "unlimited growth" propaganda.  So - often there's lots of hopeful talk at the national level, but action mostly becomes limited to kicking the can down the road.

The political Right here (in the USA) was co-opted decades ago, first by neocons, then by neolibs... and most of them on Main Street appear to be completely unaware of the coup.  They seem to think they're still in the "Conservative Movement".  That movement, started by Russell Kirk in the 1950's, is long dead.  The so-called conservatives of today are supporting an ideology which would be anathema to the original modern-day conservatives of the Kirk Era.  That ideology they're supporting is corporatist-globalist-neoliberalism, and it doesn't want to conserve much of anything, except for maybe Plutocratic Rule.  It's against Small Biz, anything rural, anything natural, and is working to utterly destroy Nature by  favoring infinite growth at any cost to our finite habitat.  Its goal is to have the entire world run by Big Biz Elites.  Forget family farms, the mom-and-pop corner store, and any kind of level playing field in the business-financial-economic-labor arena.  In general, neoliberals and the Super-Rich are against all of that.  

The kicker is this:  they finance most national political election campaigns.  That's why, in the USA, we've seen little progress toward sustainability over the past few decades.

The two links above show ways to get things rolling.  [Again, you have to copy and paste; the links are inactive.  As a Low-Tech or No-Tech person, I have no clue as to how to make them active.  Nor do I have the time to find out how.  I'm guessing Blogger makes them inactive in order to discourage people from leaving blogspot.  In my opinion, that's not a good idea.]

If I recall correctly, the Transition Movement (the 2nd link) started in the UK.  It is spreading to countries around the world.  Kudos!  From the ground up is the way to start, rather than from the top down.  The top won't budge much at all until the bottom level starts a groundswell.

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Not only my opinion.  Be Well

The Bibliography for "The Beginning of the Path to...", Plus More on the Crisis & Solutions

Tentatively, the full title of the book I'm writing is:  The Beginning of the Path to Human Extinction, and HOW TO GET OFF IT - Notes on a Paradigm Shift.  The bibliography below is incomplete because the book is not yet finished.  Hopefully, it will be by January, 2022.  Many of the following references can be found online, so those easily can be added to your socio-eco-econ-ethical Crisis "library" collection.  If you don't have such a collection, here's a grand start.

Some may think my use of the term "human extinction" is nothing but hyperbole.  The experiences (both non-work and work-related) and the education I've had in the last 79 years tell me it isn't.  We're at the beginning of that path.  It's time to get our heads out of the sand, shed the apathy or ignorance we seem to cling to, ignore the Edward Bernays style propaganda, and get to work.

Many people around the world have made laudable first steps toward transitioning to a sustainable human existence.  For the most part, I think those efforts have been on a micro scale, and that's a necessity.  Some of the efforts have been on a macro scale, and that's a good start.  But too many Powers-That-Be appear to still be tinkering around the edges of the Crisis, or kicking the can down the road.  For example, there's a lot of talk about "net-zero" (carbon emissions) by 2050.  What that amounts to is postponing actions which could be taken now, and would result in solutions within ten years.  Those solutions would not require new, unknown technology.  2050 will be too late.

It isn't only carbon that's being dumped into the atmosphere by us.  The natural Nitrogen Cycle is being overloaded with nitrogen oxides (N2Ox) by human activities - primarily factory farming, manufacturing, fossil fuel combustion, solid waste incineration, and wastewater management.  Like methane (CH4), N2Ox compounds are multiple times more potent a greenhouse gas than is CO2.  Currently, nitrogen oxide emissions from our actions amount to only about 7%  of greenhouse gas emissions, but their potency is a concern.

Drastic changes are necessary to solve these problems, so all of us need to get on board and convince our Leaders to act, not just talk.  We need to start phasing out fossil fuels NOW, rather than issuing new drilling permits.  Similarly, we need to start transforming factory farms NOW.  We need to support/encourage/subsidize family regenerative farms NOW, rather than providing welfare to fossil fuel corps.  We need to significantly reduce or eliminate the monstrous carbon footprint of cement/concrete manufacturing NOW.  We need to tax mega carbon emissions NOW, and then disburse the funds directly as a universal basic income.  We need to tax billionaires NOW.  They stood on the shoulders of society to get where they are.  Society provided them with all kinds of infrastructure, communication, education, contacts, law enforcement, a civil habitat, etc.  [Yes, they helped pay for all that...but then, so did we all.]  Those are only a few of the things that could be done now, but there's little to no action because of the undue influence of corporatism/neoliberalism.

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NOTE:  Due to faulty copy-and-paste Tech algorithms (or maybe something else), the references below did not "paste" onto this venue quite right.  I spent an hour just correcting the transfer, but didn't get to things such as the proper indentation of each entry's 2nd (& 3rd, if applicable) line.  In other words, the bibliographic form below isn't exactly correct, but it's readable.

...................................

Here's your bibliography for the education & tools needed to prevent the extinction of Homo sapiens.  There are many inspiring, brilliant, and useful references below.  The ones I think are the most illuminating are marked with an asterisk *.  Find the ones which most appeal to you.

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Almond, R.E.A., Grooten, M., and Petersen, T. (Editors). 2020. Living Planet Report 2020 – Bending the curve of biodiversity loss, World Wildlife Fund (WWF). pp. 6-35, 50-73, 112-135.

Bacevich, Andrew. 2020. The Age of Illusions: How America Squandered Its Cold War Victory, Metropolitan Books.

______________. 2005. The New American Militarism – How Americans AreSeduced by War, Oxford University Press.

______________. April 18, 2021. Op-Ed: We don’t need a new Cold War with China, Los Angeles Times.

*Barnes, Peter. 2001 and 2003. Who Owns the Sky? - Our Common Assets and the Future of Capitalism, Island Press.

Bello, J. et al. September, 2020. Providing an enabling environment to promote the Sustainable Development Goals: Coventry University’s experience, Emerald Open Research.

Belmonte-Urena, Luis Jesus. et al. July, 2021. Circular economy, degrowth and green growth as pathways for research on sustainable development goals: A global analysis and future agenda, Ecological Economics, Volume 185.

Bernays, Edward. 1928. Propaganda – Molding the Public Mind, Horace Liveright Publisher.

Bernier, Austen K. 2016. Neoliberalism and the Environmental Movement: Contemporary Considerations for the Counter Hegemonic Struggle, CU Scholar, Undergraduate Honors Theses, Paper 1013. pp. 31-81, 86-92.

Biggs, Eloise M. et al. December, 2015. Sustainable development and the water–energy–food nexus: A perspective on livelihoods, Environmental Science & Policy, Volume 54. pp. 389-397.

Bindi, Marco. et al. 2018. Impacts of 1.5 Degrees Celsius of Global Warming on Natural and Human Systems, IPCC Special Report, Chapter 3. [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]

Blanco, Eduardo. et al. January, 2021. Urban Ecosystem-Level Biomimicry and Regenerative Design: Linking Ecosystem Functioning and Urban Built Environments,  Sustainability, Volume 13, Issue 1.

*Brown, Lester R. 2008. Plan B 3.0 – Mobilizing to Save Civilization, W.W. Norton & Company. pp. 133-139, 153-163, 176-182, 194-204, 239-258, 267-272, 280-287.

*Brown, L.R., Flavin, C., French, H., et al. 1999. State of the World, 1999, A Worldwatch Institute Report on Progress Toward a Sustainable Society, W.W. Norton & Company. pp. 41-59, 78-95, 133-150, 169-188.

Buscher, Bram. April, 2021. Planning for a world beyond COVID-19: Five pillars for post- neoliberal development, World Development, Volume 140.

*Cairns, John Jr. 2004. Eco-Ethics and Sustainability Ethics, Inter-Research (Publisher). pp. 189-202, 220-252, 274-277, 288-306.

Castree, Noel, et al. 2009. A Companion to Environmental Geography, Blackwell Publishing, Ltd.

*Clarke, Felix. November, 2021. Book Review: Entropy Law, Sustainability, and Third Industrial Revolution, R. Sengupta, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK (4 August 2020), Ecological Economics, Volume 189.

*Collins, Chuck. 2016. Born on Third Base – A One Percenter Makes the Case for Tackling Inequality, Bringing Wealth Home, and Committing to the Common Good, Chelsea Green Publishing. pp. 59-100, 141-203.

*Commoner, Barry. 1971. The Closing Circle – Nature, Man, and Technology, Knopf Press and Bantam Books. pp. 14-48, 112-124, 140-215, 250-292.

_____________. 1976. The Poverty of Power – Energy and the Economic Crisis, Alfred A. Knopf (Publisher). pp. 6-29, 76-112, 221-249.

Costanza, Robert, et al. 1997. An Introduction to Ecological Economics, St. Lucie Press (a publishing imprint of CRC Press). pp. 80-100, 108-139, 206-216.

*Curry, Patrick. 2011. Ecological Ethics – An Introduction, Second Edition, Polity Press. pp. 28-49, 184-243, 253-266.

*Czech, Brian (Edited by). 2020. Best of the Daly News – Selected Essays from the Leading Blog in Steady State Economics, 2010-2018, Steady State Press. pp. 3-56, 65- 66, 82-84, 93-95, 107-110.

*____________. 2021. Supply Shock – Economic Growth at the Crossroads and the Steady State Solution, Steady State Press (an imprint of the Center for the Advancement of the Steady State Economy – CASSE). pp. 51-116, 137-169, 275-327.

Dallek, Robert. 2017. Franklin D. Roosevelt: A Political Life, Viking (an imprint of Penguin Random House).

*Daly, Herman E. 1996. Beyond Growth: The Economics of Sustainable Development, Beacon Press.

_____________. 1999. Ecological Economics and the Ecology of Economics, Edward Elgar Publishing. pp. 27-73, 77-105, 123-131.

_____________ and Farley, Joshua. 2004. Ecological Economics, Principles and Applications, Island Press. pp. 19-35, 64-76, 121-122, 201-220, 228-244, 323-342, 365-372.

D’Amato, D. and Korhonen, J. October, 2021. Integrating the green economy, circular economy and bioeconomy in a strategic sustainability framework, Ecological Economics, Volume 188.

Dhara, Chirag, and Singh, Vandana. June, 2021. The Delusion of Infinite Economic Growth, Scientific American.

Ehrlich, Paul R. December, 2014. Human Impact: the ethics of I=PAT, Stanford University, Center for Conservation Biology.

____________. February, 2008. Key issues for attention from ecological economists, Environment and Development Economics, Volume 13,Number 1.

*____________. 1997. A World of Wounds: Ecologists and the Human Dilemma, Ecology Institute. pp. 51-93, 113-151.

____________. March, 2020. Paul R. Ehrlich: A pandemic, planetary reckoning, and a path forward, Environmental Health News. [Online]

Epstein, Graham. et al. June, 2015. Institutional fit and the sustainability of social–ecological systems, Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, Volume 14, pp. 34-40.

Faria, Luiz R. R. July, 2020 and April, 2021. Conservation optimism and reckoning with the future, Conservation Biology. pp. 745-747.

Fazey, Ioan. et al. June, 2018. Ten essentials for action-oriented and second order energy transitions, transformations and climate change research, Energy Research & Social Science Volume 40, pp. 54-70.

Fernandez, Emilio. et al. March, 2019. Operational principles of circular economy for sustainable development: Linking theory and practice, Journal of Cleaner Production, Volume 214.

Fuller, R. Buckminster. 1969 (New Edition, 2020). Operating Manual for Spaceship Earth, Lars Muller Publishers. pp. 57-106, 121-138.

Georgescu-Roegen, Nicholas. 1971. The Entropy Law and the Economic Process, Harvard University Press.

Gill, Joel C. et al. June, 2019. The role of Earth and environmental science in addressing sustainable development priorities in Eastern Africa, Environmental Development, Volume 30. pp. 3-20.

Gulyas, Boglarka and Edmonson, Jill. January, 2021. Increasing City Resilience through Urban Agriculture: Challenges and Solutions in the Global North, Sustain ability, Volume 13, Issue 3.

Grossa, John and Marsh, William M. 2001. Environmental Geography: Science, Land Use and Earth Systems, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 44-48, 81-102, 134-155, 162- 182, 199-206, 227-234, 264-281, 336-355.

Hachaichi, Mohamed and Baouni, Tahar. February, 2020. Downscaling the planetary boundaries (Pbs) framework to city scale-level: De-risking MENA region’s environ- ment future [MENA = Middle East & North Africa], Environmental and Sustainabil-ity Indicators, Volume 5.

Hammond, Debora. 2010. The Science of Synthesis: Exploring the Social Implications of General Systems Theory, University Press of Colorado.

Hanna, Elie and Comin, Francisco. October, 2021. Urban Green Infrastructure and Sus- tainable Development: A Review, Sustainability, Volume 13, Issue 20.

Hawken, Paul. et al. 1999. Natural Capitalism – Creating the Next Industrial Revolution, Little, Brown and Company. pp. 48-61, 82-110, 190-212, 285-308.

*Heinberg, Richard. 2011. The End of Growth – Adapting to Our New Economic Reality, New Society Publishers. pp. 6-20, 56-69, 105-153, 241-254, 268-283.

Herrfahrdt-Pahle, Elke. et al. July, 2020. Sustainability transformations: socio-political shocks as opportunities for governance transitions, Global Environmental Change, Volume 63.

Hickey, Colin and Robeyns, Ingrid. December, 2020. Planetary justice: What can we learn from ethics and political philosophy?, Earth System Governance, Volume 6.

Johnson, Justin A. et al. September, 2021. Energy matters: Mitigating the impacts of future land expansion will require managing energy and extractive footprints, Ecological Economics, Volume 187.

Karlsson, Mikael, and Edvardsson Bjornberg, Karin. August, 2020 and April, 2021. Ethics and biodiversity offsetting, Conservation Biology. pp. 578-586.

Kates, Robert W. February, 2016. Sustainability Science, International Encyclopedia of Geography: People, the Earth, Environment and Technology, Wiley Online Library, John Wiley & Sons.

*Keller, David R. (Edited by). 2010. Environmental Ethics – The Big Questions, Wiley-Blackwell (A John Wiley & Sons Publication). pp. 77-81, 98-109, 137- 142, 193-210, 268-274, 352-358, 380-411, 426-446, 509-533.

Kolbert, Elizabeth. 2006. Field Notes From a Catastrophe – Man, Nature, and Climate Change, Bloomsbury USA. pp. 136-144, 183-199.

Leach, Melissa. et al. November, 2018. Equity and sustainability in the Anthropocene: a social–ecological systems perspective on their intertwined futures, Global Sustainability, Cambridge University Press.

Lehmann, Paul. et al. July, 2021. Managing spatial sustainability trade-offs: The case of wind power, Ecological Economics, Volume 185.

*Lent, Jeremy. 2021. The Web of Meaning – Integrating Science and Traditional Wisdom to Find Our Place in the Universe, New Society Publishers. pp. 121-148, 260-289, 349-382.

Leopold, Aldo. 1949 (Ballantine Edition, 1966). A Sand County Almanac, Oxford University Press and Ballantine Books. pp. 237-295.

Limburg, Karin and Costanza, Robert (Editors). 2010. Ecological Economics Reviews, ANNALS of the New York Academy of Sciences, Volume 1185. Published by Blackwell Publishing on behalf of the NY Academy. pp. 11-26, 54-96, 119-131, 164-193, 225-244.

Marselle, Melissa. et al. May, 2021. Pathways linking biodiversity to human health: A conceptual framework, Environment International, Volume 150.

*Mattis, Kristine. August, 2018. Dying of Consumption While Guzzling Snake Oil: The En- vironment Crisis Requires Overhauling Our Corporate Industrial Civilization, CommonDreams.org

*____________. December, 2018. An Economy That Does Not Consider Ecology Is Not Sustainable, CommonDreams.org

*McKibben, Bill. 2007. Deep Economy – The Wealth of Communities and the Durable Future, Henry Holt and Company. pp. 46-66, 95-108, 129-158, 177- 226.

___________. 1989. The End of Nature, Random House, and Anchor Books(Doubleday). pp. 47-70, 95-117, 139-149, 171-217.

Molles, Manuel and Sher, Anna. 2019. Ecology: Concepts and Applications, 8^th Edition, McGraw Hill Publishing.

Okushima, Shinichiro. September, 2021. Energy poor need more energy, but do they need more carbon? Evaluation of people's basic carbon needs, Ecological Economics, Volume 187.

Orr, David W. 1994. Earth in Mind – On Education, Environment, and the Human Prospect, Island Press. pp. 35-39, 60-63, 74-77, 104-111, 131-152, 154-170.

Pal, R. et al. 2006. Degradation and effects of pesticides on soil microbiological parame ters – a review, International Journal of Agricultural Research, Volume 1, pp. 240-258.

Poitras, Geoffrey. June, 2021. Rhetoric, epistemology and climate change economics, Ecological Economics, Volume 184.

Prashad, Vijay. September, 2020. Washington Bullets: A History of the CIA, Coups, and Assassinations, Monthly Review Press.

Preston, Jr., Richard J. 1970. North American Trees, The M.I.T. Press. pp. ix-x, xiii-xxiii.

Quigley, Carroll. May 1968. Needed: A Revolution in Thinking, National Education Association Journal, Volume 57. pp. 8-10.

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____________ and Wackernagel, Mathis. 1996. Our Ecological Footprint: Reducing Human Impact on the Earth, New Society Publishers. pp. 7-29, 40-57, 125-140, 149-157.

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